Mathematics is the queen of the sciences and number theory is the queen of mathematics. She often condescends to render service to astronomy and other natural sciences, but in all relations she is entitled to the first rank.
Carl Friedrich Gauss, in Gauss zum Gedächtniss (1856) by Wolfgang Sartorius von Waltershausen, as translated in Memorabilia Mathematica; or, The Philomath's Quotation-Book (1914) by Robert Édouard Moritz, p. 271